Alabama’s 2nd Congressional District is a redrawn U.S. House district that stretches from Montgomery down to the Mobile area, home to roughly 718,000 residents and represented since January 2025 by Democrat Shomari Figures. Its current shape dates to the 2024 election cycle, after the Supreme Court’s 2023 decision in Allen v. Milligan forced Alabama to redraw a map that had diluted Black voting strength.1GovTrack. Alabama Senators, Representatives, and Congressional District Maps
Geographic Boundaries and Key Counties
The district covers 11 whole counties and parts of two more. The full counties are Barbour, Bullock, Butler, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Macon, Monroe, Montgomery, Pike, Russell, and Washington. Portions of Clarke and Mobile counties round out the map, creating a corridor between the state capital and the Gulf Coast.
Montgomery, the district’s largest city, anchors the northern end. The southern portion reaches into Mobile County, Alabama’s most populous county. Between the two metros, the district crosses some of the state’s most sparsely populated territory, including counties in the historic Black Belt, named for its dark, fertile soil. Troy in Pike County and Greenville in Butler County are among the other population centers.
How Allen v. Milligan Reshaped the District
The current boundaries exist because of Allen v. Milligan, decided in June 2023. The Supreme Court affirmed a lower court’s finding that Alabama’s previous congressional map likely violated the Voting Rights Act, because Black voters could form a majority in a second reasonably configured district and the state’s map instead packed most Black voters into a single one.2Justia U.S. Supreme Court Center. Allen v. Milligan
Alabama’s legislature drew a replacement map, but a three-judge panel rejected it in September 2023 and had a special master produce a remedial plan. The court ordered one of the special master’s maps into effect for the 2024 elections.3All About Redistricting. Milligan v. Allen The remedial map joined predominantly Black communities in Montgomery, Mobile, and the Black Belt into a single district, changing the political character of AL-02.
Who Lives in the District
AL-02 is now what analysts call a Black opportunity district. Black and White residents make up close to equal shares of the population, with Black residents constituting roughly half. The median age is 38.6 years, a little younger than the country as a whole.4Census Reporter. Congressional District 2, AL – Profile Data
Median household income sits at about $54,977, based on 2024 American Community Survey data.4Census Reporter. Congressional District 2, AL – Profile Data That is well below the national median of roughly $83,730, putting AL-02 among the lower-income districts in the country.5FRED (Federal Reserve Economic Data). Real Median Household Income in the United States About 20.2% of residents live below the poverty line, roughly 1.3 times Alabama’s average and more than 1.5 times the national rate. Conditions are uneven within the district: Montgomery and the parts of Mobile County inside AL-02 have more diversified job markets, while many Black Belt counties face persistent poverty and thin employment options.
About 27.4% of adults hold a bachelor’s degree or higher, a little under Alabama’s statewide rate of 29.9% and further below the national figure.4Census Reporter. Congressional District 2, AL – Profile Data Troy University in Pike County and Alabama State University, a historically Black university in Montgomery, are the largest four-year institutions serving the district.6Alabama Commission on Higher Education. Preliminary Fall Enrollment – Alabama Public Four-Year Institutions
Who Represents the District Now
Shomari Figures, a Democrat and Mobile native who previously worked in the Biden administration, took office on January 3, 2025. He won the 2024 general election with about 54.5% of the vote against Republican Caroleene Dobson.1GovTrack. Alabama Senators, Representatives, and Congressional District Maps Republicans had held the seat for more than a decade under the previous boundaries.
The Cook Political Report rates AL-02 at D+5, meaning it leans about five points more Democratic than the nation as a whole.7Cook Political Report. Alabama AL-02 House 2026 The seat is competitive rather than safe, and future races will likely turn on turnout in Montgomery and Mobile against the more conservative rural counties in between.
Economy and Major Employers
Montgomery drives much of the district’s economy. State government, education, and healthcare employ thousands. Maxwell Air Force Base, including the Gunter Annex, supports uniformed and civilian jobs in the city. Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama runs a large plant in Montgomery that employs more than 3,000 people.8Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama. Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama Careers
Outside the capital, the economy shifts toward agriculture and smaller manufacturing. Black Belt counties produce cattle, poultry, cotton, and peanuts, though those industries employ fewer people than in the past. The southern end of the district touches Mobile’s port economy and industrial base, but only a portion of Mobile County falls inside AL-02. In many of the rural counties between the two metros, schools, healthcare facilities, and other government services are among the largest employers.