NOGRR 245 compliance requires transmission-connected inverter-based resources in ERCOT — utility-scale solar, wind, and battery storage — to stay online and inject reactive current through voltage and frequency disturbances rather than tripping offline, meeting the ride-through curves and IEEE 2800-2022 capabilities set out in the Nodal Operating Guide. The revision took effect October 1, 2024, and no extension can push a facility’s compliance date past December 31, 2028.1ERCOT. NOGRR 245 Overview
Who the Rule Applies To
NOGRR 245 reaches resource entities and interconnecting entities operating transmission-connected inverter-based resources, Type 1 wind-powered generation resources, and Type 2 wind-powered generation resources.2ERCOT. Resources Maximizing Ride-Through Capability by 12/31/25 for NOGRR 245 Must Follow Planning Guide 5.5(6) If your facility sits on the transmission grid in the ERCOT region, you are in scope.
Distributed generation interconnected at the distribution level is generally not subject to NOGRR 245’s transmission-level standards. The dividing line is the interconnection point, not a nameplate capacity threshold.
Deadlines That Still Matter
Two dates drive the remaining work for most owners.
- December 31, 2025 was the date to maximize ride-through capability. Resources using that path must follow Planning Guide Section 5.5(6).2ERCOT. Resources Maximizing Ride-Through Capability by 12/31/25 for NOGRR 245 Must Follow Planning Guide 5.5(6)
- December 31, 2028 is the outer limit for any extension granted to meet IEEE 2800-2022 or the preferred voltage ride-through requirements.1ERCOT. NOGRR 245 Overview
Extension and exemption requests for facilities that could not meet the ride-through requirements by December 31, 2025 were due by April 1, 2025. If that window was missed, contact ERCOT directly about options. A narrow exception exists for facilities fully implementing through the Generator Interconnection Modification process by January 1, 2028.1ERCOT. NOGRR 245 Overview
Legacy or New: Which Standard You Have to Hit
The bright line is the date of your Standard Generation Interconnection Agreement (SGIA): August 1, 2024.1ERCOT. NOGRR 245 Overview
Legacy resources, with an SGIA before August 1, 2024, must meet or exceed the voltage ride-through requirements in NOG Section 2.9.1.2 and come as close as reasonably possible to the capability and performance requirements in IEEE 2800-2022 Sections 5, 7, and 9. A legacy resource that cannot fully meet these standards may request an extension or exemption.
New resources, with an SGIA on or after August 1, 2024, must fully meet or exceed the IEEE 2800-2022 requirements and the preferred voltage ride-through requirements in NOG Section 2.9.1.1. Extensions may be available, but the performance bar is higher.
The practical gap is wide. The preferred curve demands longer ride-through times at low voltages and imposes ride-through obligations during high-voltage events where legacy plants were previously allowed to trip.3ERCOT. ERCOT NOGRR 245 DocuSign Template
What Ride-Through Actually Requires
Voltage Ride-Through
Your facility must stay connected when voltage at the point of interconnection drops sharply or spikes, and must actively inject reactive current to support the grid. ERCOT specifies performance through voltage-duration curves. At 0.7 per unit (a 30 percent drop from nominal), the legacy requirement is roughly 1.4 seconds of ride-through; the preferred requirement is 3.0 seconds for wind and 6.0 seconds for solar or battery storage. At zero voltage, legacy resources must ride through for 0.15 seconds, while preferred requirements extend to 0.16 seconds for wind and 0.32 seconds for solar and battery storage.3ERCOT. ERCOT NOGRR 245 DocuSign Template
High-voltage ride-through is where many older inverters will struggle. Legacy resources could trip immediately above 1.2 per unit. The preferred curve, drawn from IEEE 2800-2022, requires ride-through up to 1.8 per unit for brief durations.3ERCOT. ERCOT NOGRR 245 DocuSign Template A firmware update alone may not solve the problem.
Frequency Ride-Through
Resources must remain connected during deviations from the standard 60 Hz operating frequency. The ride-through curves draw partly from IEEE 2800-2022’s more restrictive requirements for portions of the frequency range where older ERCOT standards were more lenient.
Phase Angle Jumps
When a transmission line trips, the voltage waveform at nearby buses can shift suddenly in phase. Older inverter software often reads these jumps as a loss of synchronization and disconnects. NOGRR 245 addresses this, with manufacturer testing demonstrating ride-through for phase angle jumps of 45 degrees or more depending on grid strength at the interconnection point.4ERCOT. NOGRR 245 SMA Summary Response Getting this right requires close coordination between the resource owner, the inverter manufacturer, and ERCOT’s planning engineers.
Multiple-Event Ride-Through
Real faults rarely come as a single clean event. A line may trip and reclose within cycles, producing two or three dips in rapid succession. NOGRR 245 requires the resource to survive each one without tripping and to continue injecting power on specific recovery timelines. Many control systems reset their protection counters between events, so meeting this standard often requires firmware updates and, in some cases, hardware changes to the inverter’s control boards.
Modeling and Documentation
Hardware alone does not get you to compliance. You must provide dynamic simulation models that let ERCOT engineers verify how the facility will behave under stress. ERCOT accepts PSS/E for steady-state and dynamic analysis and PSCAD for electromagnetic transient simulation, and benchmarks results across platforms for consistency.5North American Electric Reliability Corporation. NERC Inverter-Based Resource Webinar Series Session 6 – Modeling Part 2
Before commissioning, the interconnecting entity submits as-built dynamic models and model quality test results. ERCOT responds within ten business days and may extend the review by another twenty business days for deeper analysis. Model validation is hardware-specific, so a validated model for a particular inverter can be reused across projects that use the same equipment.6ERCOT. ERCOT Planning Guide – Section 6.2
Original equipment manufacturer certification is a core requirement. The OEM must confirm whether the installed inverters are physically capable of meeting the ride-through curves. Known hardware limitations — a firmware version that cannot handle high-voltage ride-through above 1.2 per unit, for instance — must be documented along with any planned upgrades. ERCOT’s declaration forms require precise inputs including maximum reactive power capability and protection relay settings. Incomplete model submissions block compliance verification even if the physical upgrades are done.
Extensions and Exemptions
Legacy resources that cannot meet the ride-through requirements may request an extension or exemption under NOG Section 2.9.1.2(9). New resources may request extensions under NOG Sections 2.9.1(6) and 2.9.1.2(8-10).1ERCOT. NOGRR 245 Overview No extension can push compliance past December 31, 2028. Requests must include a technical justification and a realistic remediation timeline.
ERCOT evaluates requests individually, weighing the reliability risk of the non-compliant resource against the feasibility of the proposed timeline. Granted extensions come with ongoing progress reporting obligations.
Penalties
The Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) enforces compliance with ERCOT protocols, including the Nodal Operating Guide requirements set by NOGRR 245. Under the PUCT’s classification system, Class B violations carry administrative penalties up to $5,000 per violation per day, and Class A violations can reach $25,000 per violation per day.7Cornell Law Institute. Texas Code 16 Tex Admin Code 25-8 – Classification System for Violations of Statutes, Rules, and Orders Applicable to Electric Service Providers Certain violations tied to specific PURA provisions can reach $1,000,000 per violation per day, though those apply to narrower categories of conduct.
The Parallel NERC Standard
NOGRR 245 is not the only ride-through rule on the horizon. NERC standard PRC-029-1, “Frequency and Voltage Ride-through Requirements for Inverter-based Resources,” was adopted by the NERC Board of Trustees on October 8, 2024, received FERC approval in an order issued July 24, 2025, and becomes enforceable on October 1, 2026.8North American Electric Reliability Corporation. PRC-029-1
PRC-029-1 sets three operating regions for voltage ride-through — continuous, mandatory, and permissive — with specific real-power recovery timing after a disturbance.9North American Electric Reliability Corporation. PRC-029-1 – Frequency and Voltage Ride-through Requirements for Inverter-based Resources It overlaps substantially with NOGRR 245 but is not identical. Where the two differ, you must meet whichever is more stringent. Owners already at NOGRR 245’s preferred curve are generally well positioned, but a gap analysis before October 2026 is worth doing. Texas RE monitors NERC Reliability Standards compliance in the ERCOT footprint.10Texas RE. Compliance
NERC IBR Registration
A separate obligation is easy to miss. NERC’s Inverter-Based Resource Registration Initiative entered its registration phase in May 2025, and the NERC Compliance Registry was updated to include “Category 2 Generator Owners” and “Category 2 Generator Operators” as functional entities. Previously registered generator owners and operators were redesignated as Category 1 with no action required.11North American Electric Reliability Corporation. IBR Registration Initiative
If your bulk power system-connected facility was not previously registered, you may now be subject to Category 2 registration. That brings ongoing compliance with all applicable NERC Reliability Standards, monitored by Texas RE, with consequences entirely separate from any PUCT penalty for ERCOT protocol violations.